Back pain and spinal disorders are rising across age groups in India, but experts say spine surgery today is safer and more precise due to rapid technological advancements. Doctors stress that prevention remains the first step. Regular exercise, correct posture and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of spine problems. Most conditions do not require surgery and improve with physiotherapy, medication, spinal pain interventions and lifestyle changes. Surgery is advised only when conservative treatment fails or when severe nerve compression causes progressive weakness or persistent pain.
Dr Anindya Basu, Senior Consultant Spine Surgeon and Unit Head at the Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, said outdated fears about large incisions and prolonged recovery are no longer valid. He noted that minimally invasive and navigation-guided techniques allow high precision, early mobilisation and, in suitable cases, next-day discharge.
Technologies such as O-arm Navigation, which provides CT-like 2D and 3D images during surgery, and real-time nerve monitoring have improved implant accuracy and enhanced safety in complex procedures. With growing awareness and access to advanced spine care facilities, Kolkata is emerging as a key eastern India hub for minimally invasive spine surgery, attracting patients from neighbouring states seeking safer and faster recovery options.