The proposal for a merger between Sikkim and Darjeeling has triggered widespread concerns, particularly regarding the potential loss of Sikkim’s special protections under Article 371F. Critics fear that such a merger could undermine the region’s cultural identity, economic stability, and political power.One of the major concerns stems from the significant demographic disparity between the two regions. As per the 2011 Census, Sikkim’s population stands at 6,10,577, while Darjeeling has a much larger population of 18,46,823. This stark difference has raised worries that Sikkim’s unique identity could be overshadowed by Darjeeling’s larger population, particularly as both regions share cultural and social ties, but have evolved distinctly over time. With Sikkim’s low fertility rate of 1.1 and Darjeeling’s higher rate of 2.1, the population gap is expected to continue growing, further tipping the balance.
Economic concerns are also at the forefront. Sikkim, with a per capita income of Rs 1,94,624 in 2013-14, significantly outpaces Darjeeling’s Rs 87,695. However, Darjeeling’s larger population may lead to an unequal allocation of government resources and development projects, potentially leaving Sikkim’s youth with fewer opportunities in the job market. Moreover, the migration from Darjeeling to Sikkim could strain the latter’s infrastructure and resources. Politically, the merger could diminish Sikkim’s voice in both state and national matters. Darjeeling’s larger electorate of 11.97 lakh, compared to Sikkim’s 4.66 lakh, would likely result in a political shift, with power leaning towards Darjeeling. The loss of Article 371F protections could also erode the political rights of Sikkim’s indigenous Bhutia and Lepcha communities, who are currently ensured reserved seats in the legislative assembly.
Tseten Tashi Bhutia, Convenor of the Sikkim Bhutia Lepcha, echoed these concerns, emphasizing that any attempt to challenge Article 371F could lead to significant constitutional issues. Historical precedents suggest that altering the status of Sikkim’s integration into India could have profound implications on the region’s sovereignty.